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masked lapwing
The masked lapwing (''Vanellus miles''), also known as the masked plover and often called the spur-winged plover or just plover in its native range, is a large, common and conspicuous bird native to Australia, particularly the northern and eastern parts of the continent, New Zealand and New Guinea. It spends most of its time on the ground searching for food such as insects and worms and has several distinctive calls. There are two subspecies; the southern ''novaehollandiae'' has distinctive black markings on the shoulder and side of the chest, and is sometimes recognized as a separate species, the black-shouldered lapwing (''Vanellus novaehollandiae'').
== Description ==
This species is the largest representative of the family Charadriidae, at and . There are two distinct subspecies that sometimes are recognized as separate species. The subspecies from northern Australia and New Guinea (''Vanellus miles miles'') has an all-white neck and large yellow wattles with the male having a distinctive mask and larger wattles. The subspecies found in the southern and eastern states of Australia and in New Zealand (''Vanellus miles novaehollandiae''), and often locally called the spur-winged plover, has a black neck-stripe and smaller wattles. (Note that the northern-hemisphere spur-winged plover is a different bird.)
The birds have a wide range of calls which can be heard at any time of the day or night: the warning call, a loud defending call, courtship calls, calls to its young, and others. Since this bird lives on the ground it is always alert and even though it rests it never sleeps properly.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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